Each language and profile has its own difficulties and nuances, advantages and disadvantages. You have to understand each language before a program with them. When developing an app, it is advisable to get in touch with top app development companies. Here are the main languages for writing Android applications.
Java
It is the official programming language supported by the Android Studio Development environment. According to the annual survey of resource stack overflow, Java is one of the five most popular programming languages this year (2019).
To master Java, the first step is to establish an Android studio. This is a type of software called IDE - Integrated Development Environment, or Embedded Development Environment. Android SDK comes bundled with Android SDK - a set of tools to develop for Android and whatever you need for a reliable start.
Knowledge of Java language will allow developers of a company not only to create new applications but also to maintain existing sources, work with existing source code.
Unfortunately, Java's complexity makes it difficult for everyone to program it. Like the object-oriented programming language, class constructors in it have a bunch of features in the form of exceptions, which leads to a decline in applications during operation, and should be kept in mind when other points are always developed. However, Java code is easily read and structured, especially if accepted standards are respected for its design.
In December 2014, Android-approved Android studio is being updated year-by-year as an official development environment for Android OS, which makes life easier for Android developers. Its UI capabilities, such as the visual UI editor and code completion, help make the development process more comfortable.
Those who are ready for complete immersion in Android-development, they are first recommended by Java. However, if you feel any difficulty due to the nuances of the language, then start with something simple.
Kotlin
The language was officially presented on Google I / O in May 2017, and Google has been deployed as the second official programming language for Android after Java. Java's knowledge is needed to understand the principles of Kotlin, the general structure of the language and its features. Many developers consider Kotlin as a cover on Java, and only after learning to feel confident in their knowledge of Java, it is recommended to learn it.
Kotlin is compatible with Java and does not cause performance degradation or increase in file size. The difference from Java is that it requires less service, the so-called boilerplate-code. Therefore, it is more streamlined and easy to read. Its creators managed to avoid NullPointExceptions, and the compilation is no longer interrupted due to the small things like "Forgot".
C / C ++
This is a lower level language supported by Android studios using Java NDK. This allows you to write the original application, which can be useful for creating games or other resource-intensive programs. Android Studio offers C / C ++ support through Android NDK (native development kit). This means that the code will not run through the Java Virtual Machine, but rather directly through the device, which will give you more control over system elements such as memory, sensors, gestures, as well as the ability to squeeze the maximum resources. Of Android devices, It also means that you have to use a library written in C or C ++.
In return, it is difficult to configure and is not very convenient, so it is recommended to use only the modules of the program where you need to perform complex operations: graphics, video and complex 3D models Processing and rendering.
Python
The fact is that Android does not support the use of Python to create native applications, it does not mean that it is impossible. Fans of this language have developed a number of tools that allow you to compile the Python code for the desired state, and the presence of different libraries allows you to respect the content design guidelines and even create native interfaces Will give The most popular framework is Kiwi, which will allow you to create an app for Play Store in pure Python.
Basic
Due to its simplicity and friendliness, BASIC is the optimum entry point for newbie programmers.
Bad news: This is not supported by Android Studio.
Good news: A special development environment is B4A, in which you can create Android apps. The B4A RAD symbolizes the concept of his prototype, which shows the speed and convenience of programming. There are many convenient small design solutions, and a responsive community will help with any problem.
Another disadvantage is that resource-intensive games have not been created on BASIC, and you should not rely on Google support due to the unofficial software of the software. This means that the applications will not be in line with the Material Design, and you can not only be considered as a professional developer with knowledge of BASIC. And among the complete list of languages and environments in this article, this same payment has been done.
Lua (using Corona SDK)
This is a balance between the ease of learning Android development and the sense of control from the developer. The Lua Cross-platform graphics engine is based on Corona. The Alexa is much simpler than Java, and Corona SDK will make working with this language easier and pleasant. It supports all native libraries so that you can write under several types of platforms.
To write code, you need Notepad ++, and to run it without compiling it first, you need an emulator. If APK has been created and is ready to deploy the program, then you can start the application through an online tool. With basic programming skills, Android development through Corona can be mastered without much difficulty.
There were no restrictions that it is impossible to develop serious things and to establish itself in a professional position. If you need functionality like an internal purchase in the app, then you have to pay for the opportunity to develop it, as well as to use the native Android API.
PhoneGap
If you already know something about web programming in general and HTML, CSS, and JavaScript in particular, then this knowledge will be useful for you to build a primary cross-platform application using the PhoneGap framework.
PhoneGap, in fact, allows you to develop an Android application through web development. For developers, PhoneGap is something like a bridge to reach the core functions of a smartphone or tablet, such as an accelerometer or camera.
Conclusion
In general, Android applications can be made in almost any popular language - frameworks and utilities will be available for everything. However, app development companies use all the features of the operating system and have access to the latest Android functions. Even if these languages seem complicated, they should be studied to write different, beautiful and functional applications for the Android operating system.